One study, for example, found significant differences in the extent to which different supervisors would allow their subordinates to participation in decision-making. Females were found to allow more participation than males. Supervisors with high achievement needs, high levels of confidence in the abilities of their subordinates, and low feelings of being threatened by others allowed more subordinate participation.
The issue of participation does not appear to be whether subordinates desire it; instead, it appears to be whether superiors will allow it. Work Group Cohesiveness.
Sixth, managers can attempt to build work group cohesiveness. Team-building efforts are common in industry today. These efforts focus on developing groups that will be both more productive and mutually supportive.
A critical ingredient in the extent to which stress is experienced is the amount of social support employees receive. Team building represents one way to achieve this support. Improved Communication. Managers can open communication channels so employees are more informed about what is happening in the organization.
With greater knowledge, role ambiguity and conflict are reduced. Managers must be aware, however, that communication is a two-way street; they should allow and be receptive to communication from subordinates. To the extent that subordinates feel their problems and complaints are being heard, they experience less stress and are less inclined to engage in counterproductive behavior.
Health Promotion Programs. Finally, many companies have recently embarked on a more systematic and comprehensive approach to stress reduction and wellness in the workplace. These programs are usually referred to as health promotion programs , and they represent a combination of diagnostic, educational, and behavior modification activities that are aimed at attaining and preserving good health. A typical program includes risk assessment, educational and instructional classes, and counseling and referrals.
Health promotion programs tackle a wide array of health-related concerns, including physical fitness, weight control, dietary and nutritional counseling, smoking cessation, blood pressure monitoring, alcohol and substance abuse problems, and general lifestyle modification.
Companies involved in such programs usually feel that the costs invested to run them are more than returned through higher levels of productivity and reduced absenteeism and stress-related illness. Moreover, many companies have found that providing such services serves as an attractive incentive when recruiting employees in a tight job market. Both body and mind are involved the process. It is important for both firms and individuals to take preventive measures before the cumulative effects of stress manifest themselves in ways that cost both the individual and the company.
Eustress is a term that signifies beneficial stress, either psychological, physical. Eustress was originally explored in a stress model by Richard Lazarus. It is the positive cognitive response to stress that is healthy, or gives one a feeling of fulfilment or other positive feelings. Burnout is defined as a general feeling of exhaustion that can develop when a person simultaneously experiences too much pressure to perform and too few sources of satisfaction. Organizational strategies to reduce stress include 1 improved personnel selection and job placement, 2 skills training, 3 job redesign, 4 company-sponsored counseling programs, 5 increased employee participation and personal control, 6 enhanced work group cohesiveness, 7 improved communication, and 8 health promotion programs.
Instructions: This instrument focuses on the stress level of your current or previous job. Think of your job, and answer the following items as frankly and honestly as possible. Instructions: Choose from the following responses to answer the questions below:. Answer each question according to what is generally true for you:.
Instructions: Place a check mark next to each event you experienced within the past year. Then add the scores associated with the various events to derive your total life stress score. Answer as honestly as you can. With work, there can come stress, and job-related stress is a huge issue, with studies by the Behavioral Science and Policy Association stating that working long hours has been shown to increase mortality by 20 percent.
They attempt to counteract the stress-related issues by offering specific classes—for example Meditation and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction. They also encourage their employees to join their online and in-person community called gPause. This specific group helps support and encourage meditation practice. The key to this stress-reducing revolution at Google is that they have a company culture that supports the behavior. The company also promotes day meditation retreats at a handful of their locations.
This type of creativity is sure to take hold at other companies across the globe. Sources: J. Goh, J. Pfeffer, S. Skip to content Stress and Well Being. Individual Strategies There are many things people can do to help eliminate the level of experienced stress or, at the very least, to help cope with continuing high stress.
Consider the following: Developing Self-Awareness. Organizational Strategies Because managers usually have more control over the working environment than do subordinates, it seems only natural that they have more opportunity to contribute to a reduction of work-related stress.
Sarason, J. Johnson, J. Berberich, and J. Stress balls have been used for centuries, particularly in Chinese culture, to help relieve anxiety and improve hand coordination. These days, people still turn to stress balls for reliable anxiety relief. Matteson and J. Cooper and I. Robertson, eds. Roberts and T. Nelson; B. Ganster, eds. This positive dimension of stress is called as enstress. But usually, the term stress has a negative implication and this negative aspect of stress is termed as distress.
For instance - When a subordinate is harassed or warned by his superior, unhappiness of unsuitable job, etc. It is thus very essential to have effective stress management strategies in an organization so that the detrimental repercussions of stress on the employees as well as their performance can be reduced and controlled. The factors leading to stress among individual are called as stressors. Organizational factors- With the growth in organizational stress and complexity, there is increase in organizational factors also which cause stress among employees.
Other individual factors causing stress among employees are inherent personality traits such as being impatient, aggressive, rigid, feeling time pressure always, etc. Please confirm that you want to proceed with deleting bookmark. Delete Cancel. You have successfully removed bookmark. Delete canceled. Please log in as a SHRM member before saving bookmarks. OK Proceed. Your session has expired. Please log in as a SHRM member. Cancel Sign In. Please purchase a SHRM membership before saving bookmarks.
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